20191112

Vocabulary Unit 1
Language

1A 3a Vocabulary - Language learning

pick up
  learn something quite easily by being exposed to it
  "she picked up the language dish by dish"
brush up
  improve your knowledge of something you've partly forgotten
  "Her career forced her to brush up her schoolgirl French"
grasp
  understand something, especially something difficult
  "grasp some of what they were saying"
rusty
  less able because you are out of practice
  "If I am away for a bit I'll get rusty"

1A 3b Vocabulary Focus a - Language learning

... able to acquire language without much formal training.
I really struggle with English idioms ...
... not sure if I'll ever attain a native speaker level of competence ...
... he quickly got accustomed to the sound of the language.
I have brushed up my Arabic ...
Penny is lucky, she has an ear for languages.
... he found he could hold a conversation in Italian ...
Unless I put a new piece of language into practice immediately, I forget it.
You need to keep at it if you want to succeed.
... and really immersed herself in the language and culture.
It's easy to pick up phrases like 'hello' ...
... I found it difficult to get to grips with the pronunciation.
I am sure I am rusty.

1A 3b Vocabulary Focus b - Language learning

hold a conversation
grasp new ideas
get accustomed to
put into practice
acquire a new language
attain a level of competence

1A 5a Vocabulary - Noun forms

reluctant: reluctance
necessary: necessity
motivate: motivation
expose: exposure

1A 5b Vocabulary Focus d - Noun forms

adjective/verb/noun
1. interactive / to interact / interaction
2. distracted distracting / to distract / distraction
3. dedicated / to dedicate / dedication
4. limited / to limit / limitation
5. motivated motivating / to motivate / motivation
6. necessary / to necessitate / necessity
7. capable / - / capability
8. mental / - / mentality
9. reluctant / - / reluctance
10. interfering / to interfere / interference
11. competent / - / competency
12. literate / - / literature
13. exposed / to expose / exposure
14. - / to acquire / acquisition
15. insightful / - / insight
16. prestigious / - / prestige
17. disciplined / to discipline / discipline

1B 3a Vocabulary - Describing changes

a. the speed of a change: a steady shift, a rapid rise, gradually giving way to
b. that a change is in progress: ongoing
c. how easy a change is to see: barely perceptible, entirely unnoticed, noticeable, subtle
d. about something that is decreasing: gradually giving way to, on the way out
e. how big or important a change is: hugely significant, grown substantially, subtle
f. that a change is long-term or permanent: lasting
g. about something that is increasing: on the increase, taking hold, grown substantially, a rapid rise

1D 3b Writing skills - Expressing opinions

Disagreement
- That simply isn't true
- That's easy to say, but ...
- How can you possibly say that?
- That's a load of rubbish
- That's nonsense
- You are missing the point
- There is no way
- That doesn't make sense
Agreement
- That makes a lot of sense
- You've hit the nail on the head
- I would go along with that
- You're spot on
Uncertainty
- I've got mixed feelings about that
- I'm in two minds about this
Partial agreement/disagreement
- You've got a point, but ...
- It's true that ... but ...
- On the other hand, I do feel ...
- I agree up to a point

read-through recording